Effect of Cooling Blood Method in Inhibiting Macrophage Apoptosis Against Atherosclerosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of serum-containing Qingxin Tongmai decoction(QXTMD) on the apoptosis rate of mouse mononuclear macrophage cell line RAW264.7 induced by Acetylated low density lipoprotein (ac-LDL) and the expressions of type A scavenger receptor(SR-A), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α(IRE1α), exploring the possible mechanism of QXTMD in the treatment of atherosclerosis.Method: Eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the atorvastatin group (2.6 g·kg-1) low, medium and high-dose QXTMD groups (3.33, 6.66, 13.32 mg·kg-1). After 7 days of gavage, the carotid blood was collected to prepare drug-containing serum. The RAW264.7 cell line was stimulated with 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20% drug-containing serum culture for 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The cell proliferation rate was observed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. The RAW264.7 cell line was cultured in vitro and divided into blank group, model group, atorvastatin group, and low, medium and high-dose QXTMY groups. The cells in blank group were cultured with bovine serum albumin(BSA). The model group was stimulated with BSA+50 mg·L-1 ac-LDL for 24 h. The other groups were stimulated with BSA+50 mg·L-1 ac-LDL+10% drug-containing serum for 24 h. The apoptosis rate and SR-A expression of RAW264.7 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and IRE1α protein were detected by Western blot.Result: Compared with the blank group, the model group could increase the apoptosis rate of RAW264.7 cells (PPPPα (PPPPPConclusion: QXTMD can reduce the apoptosis rate of macrophages. The mechanism of atherosclerosis may be related to the expressions of Bax, IREα, SR-A and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.

Hyperhomocysteinemia and deep-vein thrombosis / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), and analyze the interaction of Hcy, folate and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism in patients with DVT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 69 patients with DVT and 111 healthy controls were included in our case-control study. We determined the MTHFR C677T genotypes by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), measured the serum folate and vitamin B12 by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and measured the plasma homocysteine level by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of the MTHFR C677T TT genotype had no significant difference between DVT group and control group (P > 0.05). The plasma Hcy level was significantly higher in DVT group than in control group (13.03 +/- 8.74 mumol/L vs 10.14 +/- 4.30 mumol/L, P < 0.05). Both serum folate and VitB12 of patients with DVT were not significantly different from those of controls. The odds radios (OR) of hyperhomocysteinemia for DVT was 2.53 (95% CI 1.08-5.92). The interaction of low folate level and TT genotype increased the risk of DVT (OR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.17-8.38).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hyperhomocysteinemia may be an independent risk factor for DVT in Han nationality, while serum folate level and MTHRF C677T genotype are not. An interaction between serum folate level and MTHFR genotype that affect the Hcy level is an important risk factor for DVT.</p>

Clinical evaluation of two kinds homogenous assays for determination of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of two kinds homogenous assays for direct determination of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) based on the principle of polyanion polymer/detergent (PPD method) and polyethylene glycol-modified enzyme (PEGME) method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The two homogenous methods were compared with the precipitation method (PTA-Mg2+ method), their precision, accuracy, specificity and interference were also analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both homogenous HDL-C assays were precise, having a within-run CV < 3%, day-to-day CV < 3% and total CV < 4%. The HDL-C values measured by the two homogenous methods correlated well with those by PTA-Mg2+ method (X): Y = 0.9316 X + 0.1063, r = 0.9762 for PPD method (Y); and Y = 0.9106 X + 0.1368, r = 0.9894 for PEGME method (Y). The linearity studies showed the two homogenous methods to be linear up to 4.14 mmol/L. The lowest detectable concentration of the two methods was apparently 0.08 mmol/L. Recoveries of the two methods were 94.1%-106.2%. Hemoglobin did not interfere with the HDL-C results in the two homogenous methods, whereas icteric samples with total bilirubin > 200 mg/L showed discrepancies. Lipemia up to triglyceride concentration of 17.0 mmol/L did not interfere with the two homogenous HDL-C assays.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The two new homogenous HDL-C assays meet the requirements for accuracy, precision, ease of handling with massive sample, allow full automation, and are clinically useful.</p>